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Title: COBOL Language Reference
Document Number: SC26-9046-03
Build Date: 11/09/98 16:19:05 Build Version: 1.3.0
Document Path: /home/webapps/epubs/htdocs/book/igylr204.boo

CONTENTS Table of Contents




Summarize

COVER         Book Cover 

NOTICES       Notices 

EDITION       Edition Notice 

CONTENTS      Table of Contents 

TABLES        Tables 

FIGURES       Figures 

FRONT_1       Notices 
FRONT_1.1     Programming Interface Information 
FRONT_1.2     Trademarks 

FRONT_2       About This Book 
FRONT_2.1     IBM Extensions 
FRONT_2.2     Obsolete Language Elements 
FRONT_2.3     How to Read the Syntax Diagrams 
FRONT_2.4     DBCS Notation 
FRONT_2.5     Acknowledgment 

FRONT_3       Summary of Changes 
FRONT_3.1     Fourth Edition (November 1998) 
FRONT_3.2     Third Edition (August 1998) 
FRONT_3.3     Second Edition (April 1998) 

1.0           Part 1.  COBOL Language Structure 

1.1           Characters 
1.1.1         Character-Strings 
1.1.2         Figurative Constants 
1.1.3         Special Registers 
1.1.4         Literals 
1.1.5         Separators 

1.2           Sections and Paragraphs 
1.2.1         Statements and Clauses 

1.3           Reference Format 
1.3.1         Sequence Number Area 
1.3.2         Indicator Area 
1.3.3         Area A 
1.3.4         Area B 
1.3.5         Area A or Area B 

1.4           Scope of Names 
1.4.1         Types of Names 
1.4.2         External and Internal Resources 
1.4.3         Resolution of Names 

1.5           Referencing Data Names, Copy Libraries, and Procedure Division Names 
1.5.1         Uniqueness of Reference 

1.6           Transfer of Control 

1.7           Millennium Language Extensions and Date Fields 
1.7.1         Millennium Language Extensions Syntax 
1.7.2         Terms and Concepts 

2.0           Part 2.  COBOL Source Unit Structure 

2.1           COBOL Program Structure 
2.1.1         Nested Programs 

2.2           COBOL Class Definition Structure 

2.3           COBOL Method Definition Structure 

3.0           Part 3.  Identification Division 

3.1           Identification Division 
3.1.1         PROGRAM-ID Paragraph 
3.1.2         CLASS-ID Paragraph 
3.1.3         METHOD-ID Paragraph 
3.1.4         Optional Paragraphs 

4.0           Part 4.  Environment Division 

4.1           Configuration Section 
4.1.1         SOURCE-COMPUTER Paragraph 
4.1.2         OBJECT-COMPUTER Paragraph 
4.1.3         SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph 
4.1.4         ALPHABET Clause 
4.1.5         SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS Clause 
4.1.6         CLASS Clause 
4.1.7         CURRENCY SIGN Clause 
4.1.8         REPOSITORY Paragraph 

4.2           Input-Output Section 
4.2.1         FILE-CONTROL Paragraph 
4.2.2         SELECT Clause 
4.2.3         ASSIGN Clause 
4.2.4         RESERVE Clause 
4.2.5         ORGANIZATION Clause 
4.2.6         PADDING CHARACTER Clause 
4.2.7         RECORD DELIMITER Clause 
4.2.8         ACCESS MODE Clause 
4.2.9         RECORD KEY Clause 
4.2.10        ALTERNATE RECORD KEY Clause 
4.2.11        RELATIVE KEY Clause 
4.2.12        PASSWORD Clause 
4.2.13        LOCK MODE Clause (OS/2 VSAM Files Only) 
4.2.14        FILE STATUS Clause 
4.2.15        I-O-CONTROL Paragraph 
4.2.16        RERUN Clause 
4.2.17        SAME AREA Clause 
4.2.18        SAME RECORD AREA Clause 
4.2.19        SAME SORT AREA Clause 
4.2.20        SAME SORT-MERGE AREA Clause 
4.2.21        MULTIPLE FILE TAPE Clause 
4.2.22        APPLY WRITE-ONLY Clause 

5.0           Part 5.  Data Division 

5.1           Data Division Overview 
5.1.1         File Section 
5.1.2         Working-Storage Section 
5.1.3         Local-Storage Section 
5.1.4         Linkage Section 
5.1.5         Data Types 
5.1.6         Data Relationships 

5.2           Data Division--File Description Entries 
5.2.1         File Section 
5.2.2         EXTERNAL Clause 
5.2.3         GLOBAL Clause 
5.2.4         BLOCK CONTAINS Clause 
5.2.5         RECORD Clause 
5.2.6         LABEL RECORDS Clause 
5.2.7         VALUE OF Clause 
5.2.8         DATA RECORDS Clause 
5.2.9         LINAGE Clause 
5.2.10        RECORDING MODE Clause 
5.2.11        CODE-SET Clause 

5.3           Data Division--Data Description Entry 
5.3.1         Format 1 
5.3.2         Format 2 
5.3.3         Format 3 
5.3.4         Level-Numbers 
5.3.5         BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause 
5.3.6         DATE FORMAT Clause 
5.3.7         EXTERNAL Clause 
5.3.8         GLOBAL Clause 
5.3.9         JUSTIFIED Clause 
5.3.10        OCCURS Clause 
5.3.11        PICTURE Clause 
5.3.12        REDEFINES Clause 
5.3.13        RENAMES Clause 
5.3.14        SIGN Clause 
5.3.15        SYNCHRONIZED Clause 
5.3.16        USAGE Clause 
5.3.17        VALUE Clause 

6.0           Part 6.  Procedure Division 

6.1           Procedure Division Structure 
6.1.1         Requirements for a Method Procedure Division 
6.1.2         The Procedure Division Header 
6.1.3         Declaratives 
6.1.4         Procedures 
6.1.5         Arithmetic Expressions 
6.1.6         Conditional Expressions 
6.1.7         Statement Categories 
6.1.8         Statement Operations 

6.2           Procedure Division Statements 
6.2.1         ACCEPT Statement 
6.2.2         ADD Statement 
6.2.3         ALTER Statement 
6.2.4         CALL Statement 
6.2.5         CANCEL Statement 
6.2.6         CLOSE Statement 
6.2.7         COMPUTE Statement 
6.2.8         CONTINUE Statement 
6.2.9         DELETE Statement 
6.2.10        DISPLAY Statement 
6.2.11        DIVIDE Statement 
6.2.12        ENTRY Statement 
6.2.13        EVALUATE Statement 
6.2.14        EXIT Statement 
6.2.15        EXIT METHOD Statement 
6.2.16        EXIT PROGRAM Statement 
6.2.17        GOBACK Statement 
6.2.18        GO TO Statement 
6.2.19        IF Statement 
6.2.20        INITIALIZE Statement 
6.2.21        INSPECT Statement 
6.2.22        INVOKE Statement 
6.2.23        MERGE Statement 
6.2.24        MOVE Statement 
6.2.25        MULTIPLY Statement 
6.2.26        OPEN Statement 
6.2.27        PERFORM Statement 
6.2.28        READ Statement 
6.2.29        RELEASE Statement 
6.2.30        RETURN Statement 
6.2.31        REWRITE Statement 
6.2.32        SEARCH Statement 
6.2.33        SET Statement 
6.2.34        SORT Statement 
6.2.35        START Statement 
6.2.36        STOP Statement 
6.2.37        STRING Statement 
6.2.38        SUBTRACT Statement 
6.2.39        UNSTRING Statement 
6.2.40        WRITE Statement 

7.0           Part 7.  Intrinsic Functions 

7.1           Intrinsic Functions 
7.1.1         Specifying a Function 
7.1.2         Function Definitions 
7.1.3         ACOS 
7.1.4         ANNUITY 
7.1.5         ASIN 
7.1.6         ATAN 
7.1.7         CHAR 
7.1.8         COS 
7.1.9         CURRENT-DATE 
7.1.10        DATE-OF-INTEGER 
7.1.11        DATE-TO-YYYYMMDD 
7.1.12        DATEVAL 
7.1.13        DAY-OF-INTEGER 
7.1.14        DAY-TO-YYYYDDD 
7.1.15        FACTORIAL 
7.1.16        INTEGER 
7.1.17        INTEGER-OF-DATE 
7.1.18        INTEGER-OF-DAY 
7.1.19        INTEGER-PART 
7.1.20        LENGTH 
7.1.21        LOG 
7.1.22        LOG10 
7.1.23        LOWER-CASE 
7.1.24        MAX 
7.1.25        MEAN 
7.1.26        MEDIAN 
7.1.27        MIDRANGE 
7.1.28        MIN 
7.1.29        MOD 
7.1.30        NUMVAL 
7.1.31        NUMVAL-C 
7.1.32        ORD 
7.1.33        ORD-MAX 
7.1.34        ORD-MIN 
7.1.35        PRESENT-VALUE 
7.1.36        RANDOM 
7.1.37        RANGE 
7.1.38        REM 
7.1.39        REVERSE 
7.1.40        SIN 
7.1.41        SQRT 
7.1.42        STANDARD-DEVIATION 
7.1.43        SUM 
7.1.44        TAN 
7.1.45        UNDATE 
7.1.46        UPPER-CASE 
7.1.47        VARIANCE 
7.1.48        WHEN-COMPILED 
7.1.49        YEAR-TO-YYYY 
7.1.50        YEARWINDOW 

8.0           Part 8.  Compiler-Directing Statements 

8.1           Compiler-Directing Statement 
8.1.1         BASIS Statement 
8.1.2         CBL (PROCESS) Statement 
8.1.3         *CONTROL (*CBL) Statement 
8.1.4         COPY Statement 
8.1.5         DELETE Statement 
8.1.6         EJECT Statement 
8.1.7         ENTER Statement 
8.1.8         INSERT Statement 
8.1.9         READY or RESET TRACE Statement 
8.1.10        REPLACE Statement 
8.1.11        SERVICE LABEL Statement 
8.1.12        SERVICE RELOAD Statement 
8.1.13        SKIP1/2/3 Statements 
8.1.14        TITLE Statement 
8.1.15        USE Statement 

8.2           Compiler Directives 
8.2.1         CALLINTERFACE 

APPENDIX1     Appendixes 

APPENDIX1.1   Appendix A.  Compiler Limits 

APPENDIX1.2   Appendix B.  EBCDIC and ASCII Collating Sequences 
APPENDIX1.2.1 EBCDIC Collating Sequence 
APPENDIX1.2.2 US English ASCII Code Page (ISO 646) 

APPENDIX1.3   Appendix C.  Source Language Debugging 
APPENDIX1.3.1 Coding Debugging Lines 
APPENDIX1.3.2 Coding Debugging Sections 
APPENDIX1.3.3 DEBUG-ITEM Special Register 
APPENDIX1.3.4 Activate Compile-Time Switch 
APPENDIX1.3.5 Activate Object-Time Switch 

APPENDIX1.4   Appendix D.  Reserved Words 

APPENDIX1.5   Appendix E.  ASCII Considerations for OS/390 and VM 
APPENDIX1.5.1 Environment Division 
APPENDIX1.5.2 Data Division 
APPENDIX1.5.3 Procedure Division 

APPENDIX1.6   Appendix F.  Locale Considerations (Workstation Only) 

APPENDIX1.7   Appendix G.  Summary of Language Difference: Host COBOL and Workstation COBOL 

APPENDIX1.8   Appendix H.  Industry Specifications 
APPENDIX1.8.1 Standard Terminology 

BACK_1        Bibliography 

BACK_2        Glossary 

INDEX         Index 

BACK_3        We'd Like to Hear from You 

COMMENTS      Readers' Comments 


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