bit = ABBREV(information,info[,minlength]) Abbreviation match
num = ABS(number) Absolute value
str = ADDRESS() Query current environment
num = ARG() Number of arguments
val = ARG(n) Nth argument
bit = ARG(n,'Exists') Does nth argument exist?
bit = ARG(n,'Omitted') Was nth argument omitted?
str = BITAND(str1[,[str2][,pad]]) Logically and strings
str = BITOR(str1[,[str2][,pad]]) Logically or strings
str = BITXOR(str1[,[str2][,pad]]) Logically xor strings
str = B2X(str) Binary to hex (0F=00001111)
str = CENTER(str,length[,pad]) Center string
str = CENTRE(str,length[,pad]) CENTER for Brits
str = CHARIN([name][,[start][,length]]) Read chars from input stream
num = CHAROUT([name][,[start][,length]]) Write chars to output stream
bit = CHARS([name]) Any chars in input stream?
bit = CMSFLAG(flag) Query SET ... (see CMSFLAG)
cix = COMPARE(str1,str2[,pad]) 0 or first mismatch
str = CONDITION('Condition') Name of trapped condition
str = CONDITION(['Instruction']) CALL or SIGNAL
str = CONDITION('Description') Description or null
str = CONDITION('Status') ON, OFF, or DELAY
str = COPIES(str,n) n copies of entire string
rc = CSL('rtnname retcode parms') Callable services library
num = C2D(str[,n]) Character to decimal
str = C2X(str) Character to hexadecimal
str = DATATYPE(str) NUM or CHAR
bit = DATATYPE(str,type) Matches type? (see DATATYPE)
str = DATE() Current date (dd Mmm yyyy)
str = DATE(dopt) Date info (see DATE)
... = DB...(str,...) 13 DBCS support functions
str = DELSTR(str,n) Delete cix from n to end
str = DELSTR(str,n,length) Delete cix n for length
str = DELWORD(str,n) Delete wix from n to end
str = DELWORD(str,n,length) Delete wix n for length
str = DIAG(hex[?][,data][,data]...) ? displays diagnostics
str = DIAGRC(hex[?][,data][,data]...) Also returns CP codes
str = D2C(wholenumber[,n]) Decimal to character
str = D2X(wholenumber[,n]) Decimal to hexadecimal
str = ERRORTEXT(n) Error message text (0-99)
num = EXTERNALS() See PARSE EXTERNAL
wix = FIND(haystack,needle) 0=not found; prefer WORDPOS
str = FORM() Query NUMERIC FORM
str = FORMAT(num[,[before][,[after]]]) Around decimal place
str = FUZZ() Query NUMERIC FUZZ
cix = INDEX(haystack,needle[,start]) Default start=1; prefer POS
str = INSERT(new,str[,[n][,[length][,pad]]]) Insert after cix n
str = JUSTIFY(str,length[,pad]) Right-left justify
cix = LASTPOS(needle,haystack[,start]) POS from right to left
str = LEFT(str,length[,pad]) Take chars from left
num = LENGTH(str) Shape (in chars)
str = LINEIN([name][,[line][,count]]) Read line from input stream
bit = LINEOUT([name][,[string][,line]]) Write line to output stream
num = LINES([name]) Input stream lines remaining
num = LINESIZE() From CP TERM LINESIZE
num = MAX(num[,num...]) Maximum (up to 10 numbers)
num = MIN(num[,num...]) Minimum (up to 10 numbers)
str = OVERLAY(new,str[,[n][,[length][,pad]]]) Overlay after cix n
cix = POS(needle,haystack[,startcix]) 0=not found
num = QUEUED() Lines in stack
num = RANDOM() Random whole number 0-999
num = RANDOM([min][,[max][,seed]]) Random whole number in range
str = REVERSE(str) Rotate string
str = RIGHT(str,length[,pad]) Take chars from right
num = SIGN(num) Signum: -1, 0, or 1
num = SOURCELINE() Lines in source file
str = SOURCELINE(n) Nth line from file
str = SPACE(str[,[n][,pad]]) Normalize spaces; def n=1
hex = STORAGE() Virtual storage size in hex
hex = STORAGE(address,length) Read storage
hex = STORAGE(address,length,data) Write storage
str = STREAM(name[,'State']) State of stream
str = STREAM(name,'Description') State of stream, more detail
str = STREAM(name,'Command',cmd) Apply command to stream
str = STRIP(str[,[option][,char]]) L, T, or default=Both
str = SUBSTR(str,firstcix[,[length][,pad]]) Substring
str = SUBWORD(str,firstwix[,length]) Def length=rest of string
str = SYMBOL(name) State: BAD, VAR, or LIT
str = TIME() Current time (hh:mm:ss)
str = TIME(topt) Time info (see TIME)
str = TRACE() Query trace actions
str = TRACE(option) Alter trace, return prev
str = TRANSLATE(str[,[new][,[old][,pad]]]) Map old to new
num = TRUNC(num[,n]) Truncate to n decimals
str = USERID() Query logon userid
val = VALUE(name) Query value of name
val = VALUE(name,val) Change value of name
val = VALUE(name[,val],selector [groupname]) GLOBAL/LASTING/SESSION var
cix = VERIFY(str,okchars[,['Nomatch'],start]) First bad cix; 0=all ok
cix = VERIFY(str,okchars,'Match'[,start]) First good cix; 0=none
str = WORD(str,wix) Extract nth word
cix = WORDINDEX(str,wix) Char pos of nth word
num = WORDLENGTH(str,wix) Chars in nth word
wix = WORDPOS(needle,haystack[,start]) Find word(s)
num : Number str : String bit : 0 or 1 cix : Character index wix : Word index val : Value (num or str)
flag: ABBREV 1=SET ABBREV ON, 0=SET ABBREV OFF
AUTOREAD 1=SET AUTOREAD ON, 0=SET AUTOREAD OFF
CMSTYPE 1=RT or SET CMSTYPE RT, 0=HT or SET CMSTYPE HT
DOS 1=SET DOS ON, 0=SET DOS OFF
EXECTRAC 1=TS or SET EXECTRAC ON, 0=TE or SET EXECTRAC OFF
IMPCP 1=SET IMPCP ON, 0=SET IMPCP OFF
IMPEX 1=SET IMPEX ON, 0=SET IMPEX OFF
PROTECT 1=SET PROTECT ON, 0=SET PROTECT OFF
RELPAGE 1=SET RELPAGE ON, 0=SET RELPAGE OFF
SUBSET 1=SUBSET, 0=RETURNed
XA 1=Running in XA or XC virtual machine, 0=370
XC 1=Running in XC virtual machine, 0=XA or 370
370 1=Running in 370 virtual machine, 0=XA or XC
type: Alphanumeric Alphanumeric (a-z, A-Z, 0-9)
Binary Binary (0-1)
C Mixed SBCS/DBCS string
Dbcs DBCS-only string enclosed by SO and SI bytes
Lowercase Lowercase (a-z)
Mixed case Mixed case (a-z, A-Z)
Number Number
Symbol Symbol (valid REXX name)
Uppercase Uppercase (A-Z)
Whole number Whole number
heXadecimal Hexadecimal (a-f, A-F, 0-9)
dopt: Base Whole days since 1 Jan 0001 (//7 for 0=Monday, 6=Sunday)
Century Days so far in this century
Days Days so far in this year
European dd/mm/yy
Julian yyddd
Month Month
Normal dd Mon yyyy
Ordered yy/mm/dd
Standard yyyymmdd
Usa mm/dd/yy
Weekday Tuesday
topt: Civil hh:mmxx (1-12, 00-59, am/pm)
Elapsed sssssssss.uuuuuu (seconds, microseconds)
Hours Hours since midnight
Long hh:mm:ss.uuuuuu
Minutes Minutes since midnight
Normal hh:mm:ss
Reset Returns elapsed time, restarts timer
Seconds Seconds since midnight
/* ... */ Comment (may span lines, may be nested) , Line continuation ; Statement separator v.i Compound variable '0f'x Hexadecimal notation '0010'b Binary notation
May use characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and @ # $ \ . ! ? _ Special variables: RC, RESULT, SIGL
Operators are grouped by precedence (highest to lowest) below.
Operators of equal precedence are evaluated from left to right.
\ ¬ Logical NOT (prefix) + Numeric (prefix); same as 0+num - Negate (prefix); same as 0-num
** Raise to (whole) power
* Multiply
/ Divide
% Integer divide: divide and return integer part
// Remainder: divide and return remainder
(not modulo; result may be negative)
+ Add - Subtract
(abuttal) || Concatenate without blank (blank) Concatenate with blank
== Strictly equal (identical) ¬== /== \== Not strictly equal >> Strictly greater than << Strictly less than >>= ¬<< \<< Strictly greater than or equal to; not less than <<= ¬>> \>> Strictly less than or equal to; not greater than = Equal (numerically or when padded, etc.) ¬= /= \= >< <> Not equal; greater than or less than > Greater than < Less than >= ¬< \< Greater than or equal to; not less than <= ¬> \> Less than or equal to; not greater than
& AND
| Inclusive OR (either, or both) && Exclusive OR (either, but not both)
ADDRESSPermanently toggle destination of commands to last environment ADDRESS environment CMS Full command resolution; default for EXECs CMSMIXED Same as CMS but no uppercase translation COMMAND Must use EXEC and CP prefixes; most efficient '' Same as COMMAND XEDIT Route commands to system editor Permanently change destination of commands ADDRESS VALUE envexpression Permanently change destination of commands ADDRESS environment cmdexpression Specify destination for just this one command ARG [template] Same as PARSE UPPER ARG [template] CALL name [expression [,expression]]... (up to 20 expressions) If name in quotes, only built-in or external function called Optional result returned in special variable RESULT CALL ON condition [NAME trapname] ERROR Host command returns non-zero rc (or just positive rc if ON FAILURE too) FAILURE Host command returns negative return code HALT Attempt to interrupt (such as HI) NOTREADY Error during input or output operation Call on specified condition; variable SIGL contains line number CALL OFF condition Cancel CALL ON trap DO [ name = expr [TO expr] [BY expr] [FOR expr] ] [ WHILE expr ] [ FOREVER ] [ UNTIL expr ] [ expr ] ...instructions... END [symbol] Repeated execution of a group of instructions DROP name|(namelist) [name|(namelist) ...] Unassign named variables and/or list of vars contained in variable EXIT [expression] Unconditionally leave; optionally return data IF expression THEN instruction [ELSE instruction] Conditional execution INTERPRET expression Execute expression as though it were a line in input file ITERATE [name] Steps current or named do loop LEAVE [name] Ends current or named do loop NOP Dummy instruction NUMERIC DIGITS [expression] Number of significant digits (default=9; can be arbitrarily high!) NUMERIC FORM SCIENTIFIC|ENGINEERING|VALUE expression Exponential notation format; default=SCIENTIFIC NUMERIC FUZZ expression Digits, at full precision, to ignore during comparisons (default=0) OPTIONS 'ETMODE' Check for valid DBCS strings 'NOETMODE' Don't check for valid DBCS strings (default) 'EXMODE' Handle DBCS data on a logical character basis 'NOEXMODE' All string data handled on a byte basis (default) PARSE [UPPER] ARG [template] Program/subroutine/function parameters EXTERNAL Next string from terminal input buffer LINEIN Next line from default input stream NUMERIC Current DIGITS FUZZ FORM settings PULL Next string from program stack SOURCE Source of program being executed VALUE [expr] WITH Parse result of expression VAR name Parse named variable VERSION Query REXX version Assign data to one or more variables PROCEDURE [EXPOSE name|(namelist) [name|(namelist) ...]] Protect (localize) variables in internal function or subroutine By default, all variables are global PULL [template] Same as PARSE UPPER PULL PUSH [expression] Stack resulting string LIFO in program stack QUEUE [expression] Stack resulting string FIFO in program stack RETURN [expression] Return control; like EXIT if no internal routine active Returns result from function; sets RESULT variable from subroutine SAY [expression] Displays (TYPEs) a line to default output stream (the terminal) SELECT WHEN expression THEN instruction WHEN expression THEN instruction ...etc... OTHERWISE instruction END Case-conditional execution Only the first matching case is executed SIGNAL label Pass control to label SIGNAL [VALUE] expression Pass control to label evaluated from expression SIGNAL ON condition [NAME trapname] ERROR Host command returns non-zero rc (or just positive rc if ON FAILURE too) FAILURE Host command returns negative return code HALT Attempt to interrupt (such as HI) NOTREADY Error during input or output operation NOVALUE Uninitialized variable used SYNTAX Interpretation syntax error Signal on specified condition; variable SIGL contains line number SIGNAL OFF condition Cancel SIGNAL ON trap TRACE [prefix] [letter] prefix: ?=Toggle pause for interactive debug input after trace occurs !=Toggle inhibit host command execution (try TRACE !C) letter: A=All: all clauses traced (displayed) before execution C=Commands: all host commands traced, non-zero rc's displayed E=Error: host commands with non-zero rc traced after execution F=Failure: host commands with negative rc traced after execution I=Intermediates: All + intermediate results L=Labels: display labels as passed during execution N=Normal=Negative: host cmds with negative rc traced after execution O=Off, or no argument: nothing traced; prefix actions off R=Results: final (not intermediate) results, plus PULL, ARG, PARSE S=Scan: trace remaining clauses without executing TRACE [number] n=skip next n interactive debug pauses -n=skip next n tracing displays UPPER variable [variable ...] Translate contents of named variables to uppercase PARSE SOURCE s.1 s.2 s.3 s.4 s.5 s.6 s.7 s.1 = 'CMS' s.2 = 'COMMAND'|'FUNCTION'|'SUBROUTINE' s.3 = Filename s.4 = Filetype s.5 = Filemode s.6 = Name as invoked (possibly different than s.3 if synonym used) s.7 = Default ADDRESS for commands TRACE Messages *-* Source data in program +++ Trace message >>> Result of expression, parsed value, or returned from subroutine >.> Value assigned to placeholder during parsing during TRACE I: >C> Name of compound variable >F> Result of function call >L> Literal (string or uninitialize variable) >O> Result of operation on two terms >P> Result of prefix operation >V> Contents of a variable